PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery - Revision history

Randylyon at 17:53, 6 July 2024

2024-07-06T17:53:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:53, 6 July 2024
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	Source:		Source:

	1. "For Better or Worse, America's First Emissary on the Upper Mississippi Set History into Motion." Midwest Weekends. Online: http://www.midwestweekends.com/plan_a_trip/history_heritage/frontier_history/pike.html		1. "For Better or Worse, America's First Emissary on the Upper Mississippi Set History into Motion." Midwest Weekends. Online: http://www.midwestweekends.com/plan_a_trip/history_heritage/frontier_history/pike.html

	2. Ibid.		2. Ibid.

Randylyon at 04:44, 21 March 2020

2020-03-21T04:44:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:44, 21 March 2020
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	Pike became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (16)		Pike became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (16)

	In June, 2006 the Julien Dubuque Chapter of the ~~Daughters of the American Revolution~~ rededicated a limestone marker and plaque at the end of Julien Dubuque Drive commemorating the meeting of Julien Dubuque and Lt. Pike. The original monument, erected in 1923, was located along [[CATFISH CREEK]] and was not easily seen. Suggesting the new monument was historian and conservationist [[HIGLEY, Howard\|Howard HIGLEY]]. Financial help came through the Daughters of the American Revolution, Whitetails Unlimited, and private donations. Work was carried out through efforts of the Friends of the Mines of Spain and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources. (17)		In June, 2006 the Julien Dubuque Chapter of the [[DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION]] rededicated a limestone marker and plaque at the end of Julien Dubuque Drive commemorating the meeting of Julien Dubuque and Lt. Pike. The original monument, erected in 1923, was located along [[CATFISH CREEK]] and was not easily seen. Suggesting the new monument was historian and conservationist [[HIGLEY, Howard\|Howard HIGLEY]]. Financial help came through the Daughters of the American Revolution, Whitetails Unlimited, and private donations. Work was carried out through efforts of the Friends of the Mines of Spain and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources. (17)

	---		---

Randylyon at 23:58, 11 March 2019

2019-03-11T23:58:46Z

Randylyon at 21:41, 17 January 2019

2019-01-17T21:41:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:41, 17 January 2019
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	Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and got two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them. (6)		Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and got two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them. (6)

	~~Pike was famous for fits of pique as well as peaks.~~ The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream, then had two young men deliver it to Pike and his men as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony. (7)		The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream, then had two young men deliver it to Pike and his men as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony. (7)

	It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes. (8)		It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes. (8)
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	After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men and a sleigh and two sled dogs for Pike himself. (10)		After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men and a sleigh and two sled dogs for Pike himself. (10)

			The next year, Pike came down the river and reached Dubuque on April 23rd. Julien Dubuque again served as a host and fed Pike's men who returned to their journey downstream the next day. (11)

	Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (11) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (12) Pike's possible involvement in the plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (13)		Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (12) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (13) Pike's possible involvement in the plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (14)

	Pike's career rebounded with the start of the War of 1812, for which he was made a brigadier general. In 1813, he died in an explosion set by the British in modern-day Toronto; the Americans then burned the town, for which the British retaliated in 1814 by burning the White House and U.S. Capitol. (14)		Pike's career rebounded with the start of the War of 1812, for which he was made a brigadier general. In 1813, he died in an explosion set by the British in modern-day Toronto; the Americans then burned the town, for which the British retaliated in 1814 by burning the White House and U.S. Capitol. (15)

	He became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (15)		He became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (16)

	---		---
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	10. Ibid.		10. Ibid.

	11. Lt. Zebulon Pike's Diary: New Mexico, Chihuahua & Texas. Online: http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/pikejour.htm		11. "Julien D. Gives Young Lt. Pike 'Run Around," ''Telegraph-Herald'', September 5, 1955, p. 30

			12. Lt. Zebulon Pike's Diary: New Mexico, Chihuahua & Texas. Online: http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/pikejour.htm

	12. Stewart, David O. American Emperor: Aaron Burr's Challenge to Jefferson's America, New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011		13. Stewart, David O. American Emperor: Aaron Burr's Challenge to Jefferson's America, New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011

	13. Pike, Zebulon Montgomery. Texas State Historical Association. Online: http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fpi19		14. Pike, Zebulon Montgomery. Texas State Historical Association. Online: http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fpi19

	14. "For Better or Worse..."		16. "For Better or Worse..."

	15. Ibid.		16. Ibid.

Randylyon at 03:45, 10 June 2014

2014-06-10T03:45:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:45, 10 June 2014
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	On August 9, 1805, Pike started from St. Louis with a crew of 20 and a 70-foot keelboat. They headed upriver, dragging the keelboat over sandbars. Pike waited for no one; near Muscatine, Iowa, he abandoned two soldiers who had volunteered to look for his lost dogs. It was only with the help of a Scottish trader and Fox chief that the men caught up to Pike eight days later in Dubuque, Iowa. (2)		On August 9, 1805, Pike started from St. Louis with a crew of 20 and a 70-foot keelboat. They headed upriver, dragging the keelboat over sandbars. Pike waited for no one; near Muscatine, Iowa, he abandoned two soldiers who had volunteered to look for his lost dogs. It was only with the help of a Scottish trader and Fox chief that the men caught up to Pike eight days later in Dubuque, Iowa. (2)

	He visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]]. From his records:		Pike visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]]. From his records:

	First September, Sunday — Embarked early; wind fair; arrived		First September, Sunday — Embarked early; wind fair; arrived
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	the lead mines at 4 o'clock." (3)		the lead mines at 4 o'clock." (3)

	~~In northeast Iowa,~~ Pike ~~picked a fort site 500 feet above the river, in present-day Pikes Peak State Park. It was built instead on river flats in Prairie du Chien. At Prairie du Chien~~, he ~~traded the keelboat for barges~~. He recommended a fort be built on bluffs across the river, at what is now Pikes Peak State Park near McGregor, Iowa, but the fort was built instead on the flats of Prairie du Chien, a fur-trade hub for more than 50 years. (4)		During Pike's visit, he questioned Dubuque about his [[MINING]] operation. From Pike's records:

	Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and got two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them. (5)		QUERIES PROPOSED TO MR. DUBUQUE WITH HIS ANSWERS.

	Pike was famous for fits of pique as well as peaks. The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream, then had two young men deliver it to Pike and his men as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony. (6)

	It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes. (7)

	Pike was a gifted hunter, often single-handedly supplying his men with meat, and he could cover many miles every day. After he left half his men in Little Falls and traveled north to Leech Lake, he was recklessly brave, often ignoring the warnings of his Indian interpreter. With the help of the British trader from Sandy Lake, he found Leech Lake and the North West Co. fur post there. (8)

	After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men and a sleigh and two sled dogs for Pike himself. (9)

	~~Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806. From Pike's records, the following questions were asked:~~

	QUERIES PROPOSED TO MR. DUBUQUE WITH HIS ANSWERS.

	1. What is the date of your grant of the mines from the savages?		1. What is the date of your grant of the mines from the savages?
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	7. Quantity of lead in pigs?		7. Quantity of lead in pigs?
	Answer: All he makes, as he neither manufactures bar, sheet-lead, nor shot. (10)		Answer: All he makes, as he neither manufactures bar, sheet-lead, nor shot. (4)


			In northeast Iowa, Pike picked a fort site 500 feet above the river, in present-day Pikes Peak State Park. It was built instead on river flats in Prairie du Chien. At Prairie du Chien, he traded the keelboat for barges. He recommended a fort be built on bluffs across the river, at what is now Pikes Peak State Park near McGregor, Iowa, but the fort was built instead on the flats of Prairie du Chien, a fur-trade hub for more than 50 years. (5)

			Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and got two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them. (6)

			Pike was famous for fits of pique as well as peaks. The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream, then had two young men deliver it to Pike and his men as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony. (7)

			It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes. (8)

			Pike was a gifted hunter, often single-handedly supplying his men with meat, and he could cover many miles every day. After he left half his men in Little Falls and traveled north to Leech Lake, he was recklessly brave, often ignoring the warnings of his Indian interpreter. With the help of the British trader from Sandy Lake, he found Leech Lake and the North West Co. fur post there. (9)

			After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men and a sleigh and two sled dogs for Pike himself. (10)

	Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (11) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (12) Pike's possible involvement in the plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (13)		Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (11) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (12) Pike's possible involvement in the plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (13)

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	3. Oldt, Franklin T., '''History of Dubuque County, Iowa'''. Chicago: Goodspeed Historical Association, 1911, p. 13		3. Oldt, Franklin T., '''History of Dubuque County, Iowa'''. Chicago: Goodspeed Historical Association, 1911, p. 13

	4. ~~"For Better or Worse~~..."		4. Ibid. p. 37

	5. ~~Ibid~~.		5. "For Better or Worse..."

	6. Ibid.		6. Ibid.
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	9. Ibid.		9. Ibid.

	10. ~~Oldt, p~~. 37		10. Ibid.

	11. Lt. Zebulon Pike's Diary: New Mexico, Chihuahua & Texas. Online: http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/pikejour.htm		11. Lt. Zebulon Pike's Diary: New Mexico, Chihuahua & Texas. Online: http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/pikejour.htm

Randylyon at 03:37, 10 June 2014

2014-06-10T03:37:20Z

Show changes

Randylyon at 03:11, 10 June 2014

2014-06-10T03:11:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:11, 10 June 2014
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	[[Image:pike.gif\|left\|thumb\|150px\|Zebulon Pike was an early explorer of the Mississippi and later the American West.]]PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813). ~~Lieutenant Pike, under orders dated July 30,~~ 1805, ~~from~~ James ~~Wilkinson~~, ~~commander~~ of the ~~western army~~, ~~explored~~ the ~~upper reaches~~ of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]] and visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]] in ~~1805~~. ~~Pike~~'s ~~mission~~ was to ~~note~~ the ~~resources along~~ the ~~river~~, ~~collect statistics about~~ the ~~Native Americans~~ he ~~met~~, ~~invite some~~ of ~~their leaders~~ to St. Louis for a ~~council~~, and ~~select locations~~ to ~~construct forts~~.		[[Image:pike.gif\|left\|thumb\|150px\|Zebulon Pike was an early explorer of the Mississippi and later the American West.]]PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813).
			In 1805, Lewis and Clark were making history on the Missouri River while another explorer was heading up the Mississippi.

			Sent by General James Wilkerson, Commander of the Western Army and a double agent for Spain, 26-year-old Lt. Zebulon Pike was assigned to find sites for forts, determine the source of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]], make peace between warring tribes and stop unlicensed British trade. Unlike Lewis and Clark, Pike was not on a voyage of discovery. The French and British had been trading on the Upper Mississippi for more than a century, and Pike had been preceded by Father Louis Hennepin and Jonathan Carver, both of whom wrote accounts of their travels that were widely read in America and Europe. (1)

			On August 9, 1805, Pike started from St. Louis with a crew of 20 and a 70-foot keelboat. They headed upriver, dragging the keelboat over sandbars. Pike waited for no one; near Muscatine, Iowa, he abandoned two soldiers who had volunteered to look for his lost dogs. It was only with the help of a Scottish trader and Fox chief that the men caught up to Pike eight days later in Dubuque, Iowa.

			He visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]]. Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague.

			In northeast Iowa, Pike picked a fort site 500 feet above the river, in present-day Pikes Peak State Park. It was built instead on river flats in Prairie du Chien. At Prairie du Chien, he traded the keelboat for barges. He recommended a fort be built on bluffs across the river, at what is now Pikes Peak State Park near McGregor, Iowa, but the fort was built instead on the flats of Prairie du Chien, a fur-trade hub for more than 50 years.

			Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and got two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them.

			Pike was famous for fits of pique as well as peaks. The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream, then had two young men deliver it to Pike and his men as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony.

			It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes.

			Pike was a gifted hunter, often single-handedly supplying his men with meat, and he could cover many miles every day. After he left half his men in Little Falls and traveled north to Leech Lake, he was recklessly brave, often ignoring the warnings of his Indian interpreter. With the help of the British trader from Sandy Lake, he found Leech Lake and the North West Co. fur post there.

			After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men and a sleigh and two sled dogs for Pike himself.

			Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.

			Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (3) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (4) Pike's possible involvement in the plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (5)

			Pike's career rebounded with the start of the War of 1812, for which he was made a brigadier general. In 1813, he died in an explosion set by the British in modern-day Toronto; the Americans then burned the town, for which the British retaliated in 1814 by burning the White House and U.S. Capitol. (6)

			He became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (7)

			---

			Source:

			1. "For Better or Worse, America's First Emissary on the Upper Mississippi Set History into Motion." Midwest Weekends. Online: http://www.midwestweekends.com/plan_a_trip/history_heritage/frontier_history/pike.html

			2. "Zebulon Pike," NNDB-Tracking the Entire World. Online: http://www.nndb.com/people/570/000050420/

			3. Lt. Zebulon Pike's Diary: New Mexico, Chihuahua & Texas. Online: http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/pikejour.htm

			4. Stewart, David O. American Emperor: Aaron Burr's Challenge to Jefferson's America, New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011

			5. Pike, Zebulon Montgomery. Texas State Historical Association. Online: http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fpi19

			6. "For Better or Worse..."

			7. Ibid.


	Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague. Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.

	[[Category: Explorer]]		[[Category: Explorer]]

Randylyon at 02:52, 6 December 2008

2008-12-06T02:52:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:52, 6 December 2008
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	Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague. Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.		Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague. Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.

			[[Category: Explorer]]

Randylyon at 02:01, 1 August 2008

2008-08-01T02:01:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:01, 1 August 2008
Line 1:		Line 1:
	PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813). Lieutenant Pike, under orders dated July 30, 1805, from James Wilkinson, commander of the western army, explored the upper reaches of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]] and visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]] in 1805. Pike's mission was to note the resources along the river, collect statistics about the Native Americans he met, invite some of their leaders to St. Louis for a council, and select locations to construct forts.		[[Image:pike.gif\|left\|thumb\|150px\|Zebulon Pike was an early explorer of the Mississippi and later the American West.]]PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813). Lieutenant Pike, under orders dated July 30, 1805, from James Wilkinson, commander of the western army, explored the upper reaches of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]] and visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]] in 1805. Pike's mission was to note the resources along the river, collect statistics about the Native Americans he met, invite some of their leaders to St. Louis for a council, and select locations to construct forts.

	Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague. Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.		Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague. Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.

Randylyon: New page: PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813). Lieutenant Pike, under orders dated July 30, 1805, from James Wilkinson, commander of the western army, explo...

2008-07-28T21:00:05Z

New page: PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813). Lieutenant Pike, under orders dated July 30, 1805, from James Wilkinson, commander of the western army, explo...

New page

PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery. (Lamberton, NJ, Jan. 5, 1779-Toronto, Canada, 1813). Lieutenant Pike, under orders dated July 30, 1805, from James Wilkinson, commander of the western army, explored the upper reaches of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]] and visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]] in 1805. Pike's mission was to note the resources along the river, collect statistics about the Native Americans he met, invite some of their leaders to St. Louis for a council, and select locations to construct forts.

Dubuque's answers to a written questionnaire gave Pike only a glimpse of the amount of [[MINING]] being done in the area. Dubuque was suspicious of the expedition's intentions and gave responses that were carefully vague. Pike stopped again at Dubuque's mines on his return to St. Louis on April 30, 1806.

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:58, 11 March 2019
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	Sent by General James Wilkerson, Commander of the Western Army and a double agent for Spain, 26-year-old Lt. Zebulon Pike was assigned to find sites for forts, determine the source of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]], make peace between warring tribes and stop unlicensed British trade. Unlike Lewis and Clark, Pike was not on a voyage of discovery. The French and British had been trading on the Upper Mississippi for more than a century, and Pike had been preceded by Father Louis Hennepin and Jonathan Carver, both of whom wrote accounts of their travels that were widely read in America and Europe. (1)		Sent by General James Wilkerson, Commander of the Western Army and a double agent for Spain, 26-year-old Lt. Zebulon Pike was assigned to find sites for forts, determine the source of the [[MISSISSIPPI RIVER]], make peace between warring tribes and stop unlicensed British trade. Unlike Lewis and Clark, Pike was not on a voyage of discovery. The French and British had been trading on the Upper Mississippi for more than a century, and Pike had been preceded by Father Louis Hennepin and Jonathan Carver, both of whom wrote accounts of their travels that were widely read in America and Europe. (1)

	On August 9, 1805, Pike started from St. Louis with a crew of 20 and a 70-foot keelboat. They headed upriver, dragging the ~~keelboat~~ over sandbars. Pike waited for no one; near Muscatine, Iowa, he abandoned two soldiers who had volunteered to look for his lost dogs. It was only with the help of a Scottish trader and Fox chief that the men caught up to Pike eight days later in Dubuque, Iowa. (2)		On August 9, 1805, Pike started from St. Louis with a crew of twenty and a 70-foot keelboat. They headed upriver, dragging the heavy craft over sandbars. Pike waited for no one; near Muscatine, Iowa, he abandoned two soldiers who had volunteered to look for his lost dogs. It was only with the help of a Scottish trader and Fox chief that the men caught up to Pike eight days later at the site of modern Dubuque, Iowa. (2)

	Pike visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]]. From his records:		Pike visited [[DUBUQUE, Julien\|Julien DUBUQUE]] at the [[MINES OF SPAIN]]. From his records:
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	~~In northeast Iowa, Pike picked a fort site 500 feet above the river, in present-day Pikes Peak State Park. It was built instead on river flats in Prairie du Chien.~~ At Prairie du Chien, he traded the keelboat for barges. He recommended a fort be built on bluffs across the river, at what is now Pikes Peak State Park near McGregor, Iowa, but the fort was built instead on the flats of Prairie du Chien, a fur-trade hub for more than 50 years. (5)		At Prairie du Chien, he traded the keelboat for barges. He recommended a fort be built on bluffs across the river, at what is now Pikes Peak State Park near McGregor, Iowa, but the fort was built instead on the flats of Prairie du Chien, a fur-trade hub for more than 50 years. (5)

	Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and ~~got~~ two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them. (6)		Two days after arriving at the present site of Fort Snelling State Park, Pike met with seven Dakota chiefs and convinced two of them to sign a treaty that gave him much of modern-day Minneapolis and St. Paul. Pike left the payment amount blank because he had no authority to spend government money; three years later, the government paid $2,000 — to traders who said the Dakota owed them money. (6)

	The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike ~~his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream, then had two young men deliver it to Pike and his men~~ as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony. (7)		The day after the treaty signing, Pike found his flag missing and had a tantrum, beating one of his soldiers in front of the Dakota. The following day, Little Crow came to tell Pike as they traveled to the Falls of St. Anthony that his flag had been found floating 15 miles downstream. (7)

	It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes. (8)		It took three days to get the boats around the falls, and Pike drove his men so hard seven became ill and the rest dropped from exhaustion. On October 16th, with temperatures dropping and snow falling, Pike set the men to work building a stockade and making dugout canoes. (8)
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	Pike was a gifted hunter, often single-handedly supplying his men with meat, and he could cover many miles every day. After he left half his men in Little Falls and traveled north to Leech Lake, he was recklessly brave, often ignoring the warnings of his Indian interpreter. With the help of the British trader from Sandy Lake, he found Leech Lake and the North West Co. fur post there. (9)		Pike was a gifted hunter, often single-handedly supplying his men with meat, and he could cover many miles every day. After he left half his men in Little Falls and traveled north to Leech Lake, he was recklessly brave, often ignoring the warnings of his Indian interpreter. With the help of the British trader from Sandy Lake, he found Leech Lake and the North West Co. fur post there. (9)

	After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men ~~and~~ a sleigh and two sled dogs ~~for Pike himself~~. (10)		After 10 days of enjoying the hospitality of its British proprietor, at one point borrowing his clothes because his own legs were so swollen, Pike repaid him by hoisting the U.S. flag and having his men shoot down the Union Jack. Nevertheless, the trader later accompanied him to another post and gave Pike a guide, snowshoes for all his men, a sleigh, and two sled dogs. (10)

	The next year, Pike ~~came~~ down the river and reached Dubuque on April 23rd. Julien Dubuque again served as a host and fed Pike's men who returned to their journey downstream the next day. (11)		The next year, Pike journeyed down the river and reached Dubuque on April 23rd. Julien Dubuque again served as a host and fed Pike's men who returned to their journey downstream the next day. (11)

	Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (12) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (13) Pike's possible involvement in ~~the~~ plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (14)		Amazingly, Pike made it back to St. Louis with all his men. Soon, Gen. James Wilkinson ordered him on another expedition into the Southwest. Pike was captured by the Spanish, likely on purpose, and turned out to be an observant spy. (12) His career, however, was tainted when his mentor, Wilkinson — "one of history's worst scoundrels,'' according to the National Park Service — was tried for conspiracy with former Vice President Aaron Burr. (13) Pike's possible involvement in Burr's plan to establish an empire separate from the United States in the Southwest was never proven. (14)

	Pike's career rebounded with the start of the War of 1812, for which he was made a brigadier general. In 1813, he died in an explosion set by the British in modern-day Toronto; the Americans then burned the town, for which the British retaliated in 1814 by burning the White House and U.S. Capitol. (15)		Pike's career rebounded with the start of the War of 1812, for which he was made a brigadier general. In 1813, he died in an explosion set by the British in modern-day Toronto; the Americans then burned the town, for which the British retaliated in 1814 by burning the White House and U.S. Capitol. (15)

	He became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (16)		Pike became a hero, with various counties and towns around the nation named for him; in 1817, the first steamboat to arrive in St. Louis was the "Pike." (16)

			In June, 2006 the Julien Dubuque Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution rededicated a limestone marker and plaque at the end of Julien Dubuque Drive commemorating the meeting of Julien Dubuque and Lt. Pike. The original monument, erected in 1923, was located along [[CATFISH CREEK]] and was not easily seen. Suggesting the new monument was historian and conservationist [[HIGLEY, Howard\|Howard HIGLEY]]. Financial help came through the Daughters of the American Revolution, Whitetails Unlimited, and private donations. Work was carried out through efforts of the Friends of the Mines of Spain and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources. (17)

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	16. "For Better or Worse..."		16. "For Better or Worse..."

	16. ~~Ibid.~~		17. Reber, Craig, "Pike's Historic Meeting Monumental," ''Telegraph Herald'', June 16, 2006, p. 1